ethylene oxide polymerization

ethylene oxide polymerization

The starting mixture of catalyst, initiator compound and alkylene oxide is conveniently made by combining the catalyst and initiator compound in a pressure reactor (or by forming the catalyst in the initiator), and then pressurizing the reactor with an initial quantity of the alkylene oxide used to activate the catalyst. Other initiators of particular interest are those having aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carbon-carbon triple bonds, as unsaturation of this type is usually base sensitive. In this invention, an initiator compound is ethoxylated by reaction with ethylene oxide in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a metal cyanide catalyst. The propylene reacts, as indicated by a drop in pressure in the reactor. The molecular weight and the polydispersity measured by GPC were 40,000 and 1.28, respectively. 60/205,772, Clement et al., filed May 19, 2000. 5,525,702 and carbon dioxide are examples of other suitable monomers that can be polymerized with the catalyst of the invention. Initiator compounds of this type include, for example, 3-butyn-1-ol, propargyl alcohol, 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol, 3-butyn-2-ol, 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyn-2,5-diol, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol, 3-methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexyn-3-ol, ethynylcyclohexanol and the like. If the catalyst concentration is less than about 0.4 mol %, the polymerization tends to become slow. Polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and other alkylene oxides: Synthesis, novel polymer architectures, and bioconjugation. Polymerization of Ethylene Oxide, Propylene Oxide, and Other Alkylene Oxides: Synthesis, Novel Polymer Architectures, and Bioconjugation December 2015 Chemical Reviews 116(4) A portion of the solid (1.012 g) is impregnated with about 2.173 g of a solution made from 0.292 g zinc chloride, 1.132 g glyme and 1.132 water. C. Zinc hexacyanocobaltate supported on a lightly crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) polymer, made as in Example 9A. This is because these are typical wax-type substances within a maximum molecular weight range of 10,000 to 30,000. z and n may be fractions. Examples of patent documents in which such a technology is disclosed include JP-B No. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide and rubidium hydroxide. The resultant product contains approximately 4.2% catalyst. Thus, DMC catalysis has focussed on polymerizing propylene oxide. The product is further dried in a vacuum oven at full pump vacuum (90-95° C. />30 in Hg vacuum) for 14 hours. Industrially, PEO homopolymers are synthesized at high temperatures and pressures (100–200 °C and 520 kPa) by adding ethylene oxide (EO) to an alcoholic aqueous solution containing a caustic. An effective molar number of the organoaluminum compound of the component A to the alkali metal alkoxide and/or the alkali metal hydroxide of the component B is 3 mol or more. K. 226 molecular weight poly(propylene oxide) triol, L. 450 molecular weight poly(propylene oxide) triol. In most cases, a so-called “induction period” occurs at the beginning of the polymerization reaction, in which little or no polymerization occurs. T1 - Polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and other alkylene oxides, T2 - Synthesis, novel polymer architectures, and bioconjugation. 2971988, JP-B No. A silane-functional complexing agent, as described in the copending application of Wehmeyer, application Ser. 15 For lab scale synthesis, the anionic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of EO is typically employed, with the initiator being a potassium alkoxide. Specific examples of such applications include, but are not limited to, papermaking, fiber, paint, medical products, cosmetics, personal care products, toiletries, ceramics, chemical products, printing products, agriculture and forestry products, aquatic field, environmental field, construction building material products, electricity, instruments, machinery and metalworking. A mixture of 600 mL water and 5 g (about 0.0454 eq. Particularly preferred groups X are NO, NO2— and CO. Amphiphilic block copolymers based on PEO and PPO (Poloxamers and Pluronics) and advances in the area of PEGylation as the most important bioconjugation strategy are also summarized. D. A supported catalyst made as follows: A mixture of 50 mL water and 5 g of a 45% solution of poly(acrylic acid) sodium salt in water (Aldrich catalog #41,601-0, about 0.053 mol Na+) is prepared. The resulting molecular weight was 150,000 as measured by GPC. A useful concentration of the catalyst composition containing both the component A and the component B is 0.1 to 5.0 mol % of an Al atom based on the ethylene oxide. The catalyst composition as defined in, 4. After the addition of the slurry is complete, the product is further stripped on the rotoevaporator at 70-75° C./25 inches Hg vacuum. Although the amount of bound water is difficult to determine, it is believed that this amount is typically from about 0.25 to about 3 moles of water per mole of M1 and M2 ions. In addition, monomers that will copolymerize with the alkylene oxide in the presence of the catalyst complex can be used to prepare modified polyether polyols, after the catalyst has become activated. For many common initiators, this corresponds to a degree of ethoxylation of about 3 to about 16 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of initiator. The Mn of the, product is 310, and the polydispersity is 1.16. Bretherick, L. Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards. 3,404,109, incorporated herein by reference. The catalyst is usually complexed with an organic complexing agent. On the other hand, the upper limit of the range is about 100,000. When polymerization was carried out using the catalyst system, the yield was only 2%. A method similar to that described in Example 1 was used. 75-21-8 p.1. More particularly, it relates to a polymerization catalyst composition for ethylene oxide which can produce, in high yield, poly(ethylene oxide) having a relatively low molecular weight and a sharp molecular weight distribution, and to a method for the production of such poly(ethylene oxide). Regarding the catalyst system, the 1.0 M triisobutylaluminium (Al(i-Bu)3) solution in n-hexane was replaced by 10 mmol of aluminum isopropoxide (Al(OCH(CH3)2)3). 4th ed. title = "Polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and other alkylene oxides: Synthesis, novel polymer architectures, and bioconjugation". GPC analysis shows the product to have a Mn of 380, with a main fraction at Mn 360 (polydispersity of 1.31) and a small fraction at Mn 1560 (polydispersity of 1.03). An autoclave is charged with 0.1328 parts of the catalyst complex from part A and 69.47 grams of a 700 molecular weight poly(propylene oxide) triol (VORANOL® 2070, available from The Dow Chemical Company). In order to ethoxylate certain types of initiators that are sensitive to alkali and alkaline earth bases, Lewis acids such as boron trifluoride-diethyl etherate and organic amines such as triethylaminehave been tried. One problem is that the strongly basic catalysts do not produce a low polydispersity product when a tertiary hydroxyl initiator compound is used. Learn about our remote access options, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 90‐363 Lodz, Sienkiewicza 112, Poland. Polymers of ethylene oxide have heretofore been produced in two molecular weight ranges. Ethoxylations of various initiator compounds are performed in the presence of metal cyanide catalysts. —COO—) of small (99%<1000 microns) lightly crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) potassium salt beads (Aldrich catalog #43,532-5) is prepared. The component B may also be alkali metal hydroxide. This reaction does not take place for substituted oxiranes, most probably because of steric hindrance. In addition, mixtures of ethylene oxide and another alkylene oxide, such as mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or a mixture of ethylene oxide and 1,2-butylene oxide, may be fed into the reactor to form a random copolymer that contains internal poly(oxyethylene) blocks. Chem. After stirring another 10 minutes, the resulting slurry is added in batches to 10 g of Grade 62, 60-200 mesh silica gel particles, with periodic removal of solvent during the additions using a rotoevaporator (70-75° C./25 inches Hg vacuum). The yield of this reactive was 99.5%. 09/574,844, entitled Incipient Wetness Method for Making Metal-Containing Cyanide Catalysts, filed May 19, 2000. With the ever growing toolbox for epoxide polymerization, a "polyether universe" may be envisaged that in its structural diversity parallels the immense variety of structural options available for polymers based on vinyl monomers with a purely carbon-based backbone. By GPC, the product has an Mn of 350, an Mw of 370 and a polydispersity of 1.06. The rearrangement reaction occurs at rates that approach or even exceed that of the desired propoxylation reaction. For example, either alkali metal alkoxide or an alkali metal hydroxide compound is added first into a suitable solvent in the presence of anhydrous inert gas such as nitrogen and helium at room temperature. These may be used in combination with other water-soluble polymers, partially water-soluble polymers (that is, hydrophobically modified, so-called “bond thickeners”) or inorganic clay thickeners and/or in combination with water-insoluble thermoplastic polymers.

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