pediococcus gram stain

pediococcus gram stain

Streptococcus pyogenes, Group A Strep, beta-hemolytic, raised, buff/cream-colored colonies on blood agar, Streptococcus agalactiae, Group B Strep, beta-hemolytic, small, raised, buff-to-slightly golden colonies on blood agar, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, flat, mucoid, gray, beta-hemolytic colonies, Streptococcus equi, large, cream-colored, raised, mucoid colonies with huge zones of beta hemolysis, Streptococcus equinus, large, mucoid, beta-hemolytic colonies, Streptococcus anginosus, tiny, pinpoint, translucent colonies on blood agar, Streptococcus bovis, alpha-hemolytic colonies on blood agar, Streptococcus canis, medium, raised, tan colonies with huge zones of beta-hemolysis, Streptococcus sanguinis, small, raised, alpha-hemolytic colonies, Streptococcus suis, small, mucoid, alpha-hemolytic colonies representative of "Viridans streptococci", Small, raised, alpha-hemolytic colonies on blood agar representative of S. mitis, Streptococcus mutans, raised, large, mucoid, alpha-hemolytic colonies on blood agar, Streptococcus pneumoniae, raised or flat, small, mucoid, alpha-hemolytic colonies. The Gram stain is a differential method of staining used to assign bacteria to one of two groups (gram-positive and gram-negative) based on the properties of their cell walls.It is also known as Gram staining or Gram's method. S. pneumoniae is a very mucoid organism with a slime capsule, S. pneumonie forms mucoid, alpha-hemolytic colonies on the blood agar, S. pneumoniae colonies may be flat or raised, but tend to be mucoid and are always alpha-hemolytic (greenish), A susceptibility plate being performed on S. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae is susceptible to the optochin disk (Taxo P). Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology 2. Staphylococcus saprophyticus: seen here as irregular grape-like clusters, tetrads and pairs that have broken off from the packet or are dividing. Tiny alpha-hemolytic colonies of Gemella spp on blood agar. S. equi: This streptococci is part of Group C, a sorbitol-fermenter, virulent, and can cause pharyngitis, pulmonary infections, endocarditis and shock. Aerococcus is alpha-hemolytic on blood agar. 2 1990. It is associated with pharyngitis and produces smaller colonies with a narrow zone of beta hemolysis on SBA. Single cells are rare and chains are not formed. It rarely causes human disease. Pediococcus forms small, white/buff colonies on blood agar that are non-hemolytic. The black pigment fades quickly upon exposure to oxygen and within a week some colonies take on a mustard yellow pigmentation. Some strains are resistant to Vancomycin, Gentamicin, Tend to be elongated, ovoid-shaped cocci in short chains, pairs, Normal flora of the GI and biliary tract, vaginal and male urethras (E. faecalis and E. faecium), Large resistance patterns (penicillin, cephalosporins, aminoglycoside, vancomycin), 2nd most common cause of nosocomial urinary tract infections and wound infections, 3rd most common cause of nosocomial bacteremia (opportunistic), Other infections caused by this organism: endocarditis, meningitis, diverticulitis, 90% possess the Lancefield Group D lipotechonic antigen in their cell wall, E. faecalis (some high-level Vancomycin-resistant strains), E. faecium (some high-level Vancomycin-resistant strains), E. casseliflavus (, Some produce a yellow pigment, but most are tan-to-buff in color and are gamma-hemolytic (no hemolysis), Have been recovered from plants, soil, and even chicken feces, Vancomycin resistance is due to plasmids or transposons that carry and encode genes which lead to the resistance to Vancomycin (Van-A, Van-B, Van-C, Van-D, Van-E, Van-F), Colonization and risk for infection with VRE may occur in patients treated with the Cephalosporins, especially heavy doses or long-term doses, Treatment for infections: Nitrofurantoin, linezolid, daptomycin, ampicillin. It is primarily associated with formation of abscesses. Brucella with H & K and Cooked Meat Medium. , 25th ed. Enterococcus faecium is seen here, and is associated with neonatal meningitis or endocarditis. It is also associated with abscess formation. It varies in shape and size, but is a Gram-positive cocci, ovoid in shape, and occurs singly, in pairs, and in short chains. S. pneumoniae in pairs and short chains (yes, it will chain on occasion as well), Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are associated with urinary tract infections, bacteremia, endocarditis, and wound infections. They also cause occasional ear infections, meningitis, sinusitis, and peritonitis. the following information is not yet verified Gram positive cocci, cells arranged in pairs, tetrads, clusters and irregular groups Culture characteristics. the following information is not yet verified. They fall into approximately 11 clusters. 4. Streptococcus pneumoniae is associated with bacterial pneumonia, bacterial meningitis, ear infections, urinary tract infections, wound infections, bacteremia and sepsis. Streptococcus viridans, elongated here, as seen in blood cultures or when cultured from GN broth. Streptococcus agalactiae can colonize the female urogenital tract, and can cause neonatal meningitis if the baby is infected during the birthing process. It occurs in pairs and short chains. It has been implicated in IV catheter infections, in the formation of gallstones (acute cholecystitis), and urinary tract infections. Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A): This bacterium causes not only pharyngitis, but is also a causative agent of impetigo and other skin infections, including necrotizing fasciitis, and deeper internal infections resulting in toxic shock syndrome and bacteremia. Streptococcus dysgalactiae spp equisimilis is associated with pharyngitis and sometimes complicated by acute glomerulonephritis but never rheumatic fever. Facultative anaerobic 5% CO2 improves the growth Colonies are small, α-hemolytic or non-hemolytic McConkey growth Microscopically, it is seen in clusters, tetrads, sarcinae (packet of 8), and is a strict aerobe. S. pneumoniae: These lance-shaped diplococci are the #1 cause of bacterial pneumonia. Streptococcus anginosis is part of the Group C streptococci that can cause human illness. It requires 2 days of incubation. Carbohydrates are not attacked, and H These GPC are typically quite large and this is part of the normal skin flora. On blood agar, Peptostreptococcus forms very light, somewhat transparent, raised, mucoid, small-to-medium colonies that are non-hemolytic, Microbiology learning: The "why"ology of microbial testing, staphylococcus: overall grape-like clusters, tetrads or sarcinae (packets of 8) of Gpcs, which may be in the process of dividing and consists of >40 species. , 5th ed. It occurs in pairs and short chains. The process of cocci dividing and forming pairs, chains, tetrads, sarcinae and clusters. Aerococcus is associated with opportunistic infections, including endocarditis, bacteremia, and urinary tract infections. Leuconostoc is often found as ovoid Gram-positive cocci and may be seen in chains. Streptococcus pyogenes can also cause Scarlet Fever, Rheumatic Fever, Acute Glomerulonephritis, or pneumonia. Gram stain. Lyophilization is required for long-term preservation. It often produces an orange or yellow pigment on blood agar. Morphology: Spherical, arrangement is variable: in pairs, tetrads, clumps, or short chains. Stedman's Medical Dictionary Kocuria kristinae (formerly known as Micrococcus kristinae) is a type of Micrococcus (GPC) in clusters, aerobic, that normally colonizes the skin. Micrococcus luteus commonly colonizes the human skin and is part of the commensal flora. Micrococcus luteus close-up, observed in irregular clusters, tetrads, and sarcinae. Unipath Ltd., Basingstoke, UK. Streptococcus viridans: This is a large group of commensal flora, alpha-hemolytic or non-hemolytic colony-producers, possessing no Lancefield antigens in their cell walls. Size: 1.0 micrometers by 2.5 micrometers. Koneman, et al. Staphylococcus in Gram Stain. S. saprophyticus is typically inherently novobiocin-resistant. https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Pediococcus_pentosaceus It is a strict aerobe. Staphylococcus capitis, a Coagulase Negative Staphylococci, in CSF fluid on a Gram-stain: Smaller GPCs in irregular clusters, tetrads, and a few pairs that have broken off from the packet/cluster in the process of dividing. Infections are treated with linezolid, daptomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin or sultamicillin. It is nonmotile, catalase negative, a facultative anaerobe, ferments lactose, does not produce gas. It is part of the Group C streptococci and produces large colonies with a large zone of beta hemolysis on SBA. 3. Pediococcus is associated with opportunistic infections and bacteremia.

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